The article states that in their phase 3 clinical trial, BCG-unresponsive CIS patients had 42% (39% in a group of 72 patients & 80% in a group of 5 patients) complete response rate at three months. Fingers are crossed that the result will be similar after 12 months because there is a high probability that FDA approves this fusion protein target therapy. It will gives us another option for BCG-unresponsive CIS patients. It should be also noted that in the same phase 3 clinical trial, 34 papillary only patients were treated with the same therapy and 68% had complete response rate at three months. Incidentally, this fusion protein target therapy was originally developed by a Canadian company – Viventia Bio in Winnipeg. Viventia Bio was acquired by Eleven Biotherapeutics which recently changed the company name to Sesen Bio Inc. They have been working on this treatment 10 years.